In a network system FTTH (Fiber To The Home)Fiber optic cable is the main component that connects the internet network from the service center to the customer’s home. However, behind its speed and stability, fiber optic cables have a structure that is quite sensitive and requires special protection.
To maintain the performance and durability of cables, various protective materials are used which function to protect optical fibers from physical damage and environmental disturbances. With proper protection, fiber internet networks like iconnet can remain stable and optimal in the long term.
This article will discuss in full the protective material for fiber optic cables in FTTH, the function of each layer, and its role in maintaining network quality.
Optical fibers are made of very fine and thin glass. Even though it is capable of delivering data at high speeds, this fiber is also vulnerable to:
- physical stress
- excessive attractiveness
- humidity
- extreme temperatures
- environmental disturbance
Therefore, fiber optic cables must be equipped with several layers of protection so that they remain safe when installed in various conditions, whether in the air, underground or inside buildings.
The following are some of the main protective materials used in fiber optic cables in FTTH networks.
Coating is the first layer that directly protects optical fibers (core and cladding).
Coating function
- Protects fibers from scratches and microdamage
- Maintain the flexibility of optical fiber
- Reduces the risk of breakage during installation
Coating materials are usually made from materials elastic polymer which is able to follow the movement of the cable without damaging the fibers inside.
Buffer tube is an additional layer that protects several optical fibers in one cable.
Tube Buffer Function
- Protects optical fibers from external pressure
- Protect from moisture
- Provides room for expansion due to temperature changes
On some cables, the buffer tube is also equipped with a protective gel to prevent water from entering.
Strength member is an important part that provides mechanical strength to fiber optic cables.
Materials Used
- Kevlar (aramid thread)
- fiberglass
- Steel wire
Strength Member Function
- Resists pulling during installation
- Prevent cable breakage
- Maintain the shape of the cable structure
This material is very important, especially in aerial or long distance cable installations.
Armored layer is an additional protective layer in the form of metal that is used in certain conditions.
Armored Layer Function
- Protects cables from heavy stress
- Avoid damage due to animal bites
- Protects cables from hard impacts
This layer is usually used on cables installed underground or in areas with high risk.
The outer jacket is the outermost layer of a fiber optic cable.
Outer Jacket Function
- Protect cables from the external environment
- Resistant to heat, rain and UV rays
- Protect cables from dust and moisture
The outer jacket material is usually made of strong plastic such as PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) or PE (Polyethylene).
Fiber optic cable protective materials are also adjusted to the installation location.
1. Outdoor Cable
Used outdoors as poles or underground.
Characteristics:
- withstand extreme weather
- has a layer of armor
- Equipped with UV protection
2. Indoor Cable
Used inside a house or building.
Characteristics:
- more flexible
- lighter layer
- easy to install
3. Aerial Cable (Air)
Mounted on net poles.
Characteristics:
- has strong member strength
- resistant to traction
- light but strong
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Protective materials have an important role in maintaining the quality of fiber optic networks, including:
1. Maintain signal stability
Damage to the cable can cause signal interference. With good protection, network quality is maintained.
2. Extends Cable Life
The protective coating helps the cable last longer even when used in harsh environmental conditions.
3. Reduce the risk of internet disruption
Cables that are well protected are less likely to experience interference such as breaks or damage.
This is very important in home internet services such as iconnet which prioritize connection stability for customers.
If the fiber optic cable does not have good protection, several problems that can occur include:
- Internet connection often drops
- decrease in internet speed
- cable damage due to weather
- disorders caused by animals or physical stress
Therefore, the use of quality protective materials is very important in building an FTTH network.
The protective material for fiber optic cables in FTTH networks consists of several layers such as coating, buffer tube, strength member, armored layer and outer jacket. Each layer has an important function in protecting optical fibers from physical damage and environmental disturbances.
With optimal protection, fiber optic cables can work optimally in delivering data at high and stable speeds. This infrastructure is the basis of modern internet services such as iconnet, which delivers reliable, quality home internet connections.
Understanding fiber optic cable protective materials also helps us understand how internet networks can remain stable even when used in various environmental conditions.
also read:
How FTTH Devices Work from ISP to Home: Complete and Easy to Understand Explanation
Telecommunications Infrastructure: The Main Foundation of Internet Connections
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